What Makes Pancakes Fluffy?

What makes my pancakes fluffy? How is flour made? How does supermarket flour compare to hand milled flour? In our second Grade 1 ‘chemistry in the kitchen’ class Grade 1 students learnt how baking powder forms bubbles in pancake dough which are subsequently trapped when the pancakes are fried in the pan. But before the students were able to enjoy their pancakes they needed to mill their own flour from wheat grain. Hard work but a very exciting kitchen science experience!